OPTIMASI PEMUPUKAN FOSFAT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL DUA KULTIVAR UBIJALAR LOKAL KALIMANTAN TIMUR
https://doi.org/10.52045/jimfp.v6i2.1488
Keywords:
optimum dose, phosphate, local cultivars, sweet potato, fresh tuber yieldAbstract
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is a potential food crop developed in East Kalimantan. Phosphate fertilization plays a crucial role in supporting plant growth and yield, though the optimum requirement may vary among cultivars. This study aimed to determine the optimization of phosphate fertilization on two local East Kalimantan sweet potato cultivars and to establish the optimum phosphate dosage to achieve maximum fresh tuber production. The research used a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors and five replications. The first factor was the cultivar (purple and orange sweet potatoes), while the second factor was the phosphate fertilizer dosage ( , , , , and ). The results indicated that the interaction between cultivar and phosphate fertilizer dosage had no significant effect on most observed variables, except for total sugar content. Phosphate fertilization significantly affected stem length, tuber number and weight per plant, tuber weight per plot, and fresh tuber yield per hectare, but had no significant effect on stem diameter and tuber dry matter. The relationship between phosphate dosage and fresh tuber yield followed a quadratic regression pattern with the equation ( ). Overall, the optimum phosphate dosage was estimated at with an estimated yield of . For the purple cultivar, an optimum dosage of yielded , whereas the orange cultivar required to achieve . Phosphate fertilization effectively enhances sweet potato yield, provided dosage determination considers specific cultivars and environmental conditions.
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